Safety resources

You are not alone. Help is available.

If you, your child, or someone you love is experiencing domestic violence, intimate partner violence, or feels unsafe — please reach out. The contacts below are confidential, free, and staffed by trained advocates. SA Coparents is a preparation tool — it is not a substitute for professional safety planning.

In immediate danger
Emergency — call 911
Call 911
National (United States)

24/7 confidential hotlines

National Domestic Violence Hotline

24/7 confidential support for anyone experiencing or affected by domestic violence. Free, available in 200+ languages.

988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

24/7 free and confidential support for anyone in suicidal crisis or emotional distress. Call or text 988 anytime, from anywhere in the U.S.

StrongHearts Native Helpline

Culturally-appropriate, anonymous, and confidential support for Native Americans and Alaska Natives affected by domestic, dating, and sexual violence.

love is respect (for teens & young adults)

Support, info, and advocacy for young people in dating relationships, including digital abuse.

RAINN — Sexual Assault Hotline

24/7 sexual assault hotline run by the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network. Free and confidential.

Confidential self-assessment

IPV Communication Safety Assessment

Find out whether direct co-parenting communication is safe right now — or whether structured, assisted, or restricted contact is a better fit. Takes about 5 minutes. Downloadable PDF at the end.

One decision at a time

Problem-Solving Worksheet

Walk through a parenting decision step-by-step: child’s need, your concern, three options, safest pathway, next step. Save as many as you want.

San Antonio & Bexar County

Local support, shelters & advocacy

Family Violence Prevention Services / Battered Women & Children's Shelter

San Antonio's primary domestic violence shelter and crisis hotline. 24/7 emergency shelter, counseling, and legal advocacy.

Bexar County Family Justice Center

One-stop center co-locating advocates, law enforcement, prosecutors, and civil legal services for survivors in Bexar County.

PEACE Initiative

Education, advocacy, and survivor-led support groups for women and children affected by domestic violence in San Antonio.

City of San Antonio — Stand Up SA / Collaborative Commission

City-wide violence prevention resources, including safety planning and connections to advocates.

When co-parenting isn't safe

Parallel parenting: a safer framework

A different framework

When there has been domestic violence, parenting arrangements require a very different framework than traditional co-parenting models. In these situations, the priority is not improving the parental relationship — it is protecting the physical and psychological safety of the child and the survivor parent.

Parallel parenting is often considered the safer alternative because it minimizes direct interaction between parents while still allowing the child to maintain structured contact with both parents when appropriate.

Why traditional co-parenting often fails in domestic violence cases

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Traditional co-parenting assumes:

  • Mutual respect
  • Ability to communicate safely
  • Shared decision-making
  • Emotional regulation
  • Basic trust

Domestic violence undermines all of these assumptions. Abuse dynamics often continue after separation through:

  • Harassing texts or calls
  • Manipulation through the children
  • Financial control
  • False allegations
  • Intimidation during exchanges
  • Monitoring the survivor parent's activities
  • Undermining parenting authority

In these cases, requiring frequent communication can unintentionally create continued access for coercive control.

What parallel parenting means

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Parallel parenting is a high-boundary parenting model designed to reduce conflict and limit opportunities for abuse. The parents disengage from each other as much as possible while maintaining clear parenting structures.

The focus shifts from
"How can parents work together?"
to
"How can the child remain safe and stable with minimal parental interaction?"

Core features of parallel parenting

  • Limited direct communication
  • Structured schedules
  • Written-only communication when possible
  • Clear boundaries
  • Independent decision-making in each household
  • Detailed court orders or parenting plans
  • Neutral exchange locations
  • Third-party communication platforms (e.g., OurFamilyWizard)

Parenting concerns in domestic violence cases

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1.

Ongoing coercive control

Even after separation, abuse may continue through parenting interactions.

Examples:

  • Excessive messaging
  • Threats disguised as parenting concerns
  • Last-minute schedule changes
  • Using children to gather information
  • Refusing to return children on time
  • Creating crises to maintain control

Parallel parenting helps reduce these opportunities by limiting discretionary contact.

2.

Child emotional safety

Children exposed to domestic violence may experience:

  • Anxiety
  • Hypervigilance
  • Loyalty conflicts
  • Trauma symptoms
  • Parentification
  • Fear during exchanges

Children often benefit from predictable routines and reduced parental conflict exposure. A parenting plan should address:

  • Consistent routines
  • Transition supports
  • Emotional regulation strategies
  • Therapy access if needed
  • Safe exchange procedures
3.

Communication challenges

Direct communication may retraumatize the survivor parent or escalate conflict.

Helpful strategies include:

  • Written-only communication
  • BIFF responses (Brief, Informative, Friendly, Firm)
  • Communication restricted to child-related topics
  • Scheduled communication windows
  • Use of monitored parenting apps

Some cases require:

  • Third-party intermediaries
  • Parenting coordinators
  • Attorneys handling communication
4.

Decision-making authority

Joint decision-making can become another arena for power struggles.

In high-conflict or abusive dynamics, courts sometimes allocate:

  • Sole decision-making authority in certain areas
  • Tie-breaking authority
  • Separate spheres of responsibility

For example:

  • One parent handles medical decisions
  • One parent handles educational decisions

This reduces repeated conflict and manipulation.

5.

Exchanges and safety planning

Exchanges are often high-risk moments.

Safety-focused considerations:

  • Neutral public locations
  • School-based exchanges
  • Third-party transport
  • Staggered arrival/departure times
  • No-contact exchange protocols

In severe cases:

  • Supervised visitation may be necessary
  • Protective orders may affect parenting arrangements
6.

Children as messengers

One major concern is children being drawn into adult conflict.

Children should never:

  • Carry messages
  • Report on the other parent
  • Relay financial information
  • Be pressured to “choose sides”

Parallel parenting aims to create emotional separation between the parental conflict and the child's experience.

Important clinical and legal considerations

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Domestic violence is not always "mutual conflict"

Professionals must distinguish:

From
High-conflict relationships
vs.
To
Coercive controlling violence

Treating abuse as simply "poor communication" can endanger survivors and children.

Reunification and family therapy require caution

Family therapy or co-parenting counseling may be inappropriate when:

  • There is fear or intimidation
  • One parent controls the other
  • Abuse is ongoing
  • Accountability is absent

In some cases, conjoint therapy can increase risk.

Children may need individual support

Children exposed to domestic violence may benefit from:

  • Trauma-informed therapy
  • Play therapy
  • Emotional regulation work
  • Psychoeducation about conflict and safety

The therapeutic goal is often stabilization and safety — not forcing reconciliation between parents.

What effective parallel parenting plans usually include

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A strong plan often specifies:

  • Exact exchange times and locations
  • Communication methods
  • Response time expectations
  • Holiday schedules
  • Medical and school procedures
  • Emergency protocols
  • Rules regarding new partners
  • Travel restrictions
  • Dispute resolution procedures

The more detailed the plan, the fewer opportunities exist for conflict escalation.

The goal of parallel parenting

Not closeness between parents — safety, stability, and predictability for the child.

Parallel parenting is about:

  • Reducing exposure to conflict
  • Creating predictability
  • Supporting child stability
  • Protecting safety
  • Allowing children to maintain relationships when appropriate

In some families, parallel parenting eventually evolves into healthier co-parenting. In others, long-term structured separation remains the safest and healthiest arrangement.

A gentle reminder

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  • The National DV Hotline can help you build a personalized safety plan, even before you decide on next steps.
Information current as of 2026. If a number has changed, please visit the linked website or call 211 for local resource referrals.